Entourage Effect
The hypothesis that the therapeutic effects of whole-plant cannabis are greater than the sum of its individual components due to synergistic interactions between cannabinoids, terpenes, and other phytochemicals.
In Depth
First proposed by Raphael Mechoulam and Shimon Ben-Shabat in 1998. The entourage effect suggests that CBD may modulate THC's psychoactive effects, and that terpenes may enhance or modify cannabinoid activity. While widely cited in cannabis medicine, the clinical evidence base remains limited. Most supporting data comes from in vitro and animal studies. The concept has significant commercial implications but requires more rigorous human clinical validation.
Related Terms
Further Reading
More in Pharmacology
Endocannabinoid System (ECS)
A lipid-based retrograde neurotransmitter system comprising endogenous cannabinoids (endocannabinoids), their receptors (CB1, CB2), and metabolic enzymes.
CB1 Receptor
Cannabinoid receptor type 1. A G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) primarily expressed in the central nervous system. The primary target of THC's psychoactive effects.
CB2 Receptor
Cannabinoid receptor type 2. A GPCR primarily expressed in immune tissues and peripheral organs. Less abundant in the CNS than CB1.
Anandamide (AEA)
N-arachidonoylethanolamine. The first endocannabinoid identified. A partial agonist at CB1 and CB2 receptors, named from the Sanskrit word "ananda" meaning bliss.
2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG)
The most abundant endocannabinoid in the brain. A full agonist at both CB1 and CB2 receptors.