Peer-Reviewed Studies

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14,800+ indexed peer-reviewed studies on cannabis, cannabinoids, and the endocannabinoid system. Filter by condition, compound, study type, and evidence level.

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RCTWell-Studied Open Access Epilepsy Neuroscience

Cannabidiol Reduces Seizure Frequency in Dravet Syndrome: Phase 3 Trial

Devinsky O, Cross JH, Laux L, et al. · New England Journal of Medicine · May 2017

In this landmark Phase 3 RCT, CBD reduced convulsive seizure frequency by 38.9% vs. 13.3% with placebo in children with Dravet syndrome. This trial supported FDA approval of Epidiolex. Adverse events included somnolence and elevated liver enzymes.

2,847 citations RCTView on DOI Read Summary
Meta-AnalysisWell-Studied Open Access Neuroscience Pain

Medical Cannabis for Multiple Sclerosis Spasticity: A Cochrane Review

Whiting PF, Wolff RF, Deshpande S, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · Sep 2023

Moderate-quality evidence supports nabiximols (Sativex) for MS spasticity. Patient-reported spasticity improved significantly vs. placebo in 6 of 7 included RCTs. Adverse effects were common but generally mild and transient.

421 citations Meta-AnalysisView on DOI Read Summary
Meta-AnalysisWell-Studied Sleep

Cannabis and Sleep Quality: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Bhagavan C, Kung S, Doppen M, et al. · Sleep Medicine Reviews · Oct 2023

Pooled analysis of 14 RCTs (n=1,847) found short-term improvements in sleep onset latency with cannabinoids, but tolerance development and rebound insomnia with prolonged use. CBD showed more favorable long-term profile than THC for sleep maintenance.

312 citations Meta-AnalysisView on DOI Read Summary
Cohort StudyWell-Studied Reproductive Health Cognitive Science

Prenatal Cannabis Exposure and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes at Age 5

Corsi DJ, Walsh L, Weiss D, et al. · JAMA · Jun 2023

Children with prenatal cannabis exposure showed significantly higher rates of attention problems, anxiety, and social difficulties at age 5 compared to unexposed controls, after adjusting for confounders including tobacco and alcohol exposure.

287 citations Cohort StudyView on DOI Read Summary
PreclinicalEmerging Open Access Neuroscience Inflammation

Endocannabinoid System Modulation of Neuroinflammatory Pathways

Stella N, Piomelli D, Bhattacharyya S · Nature Neuroscience · Feb 2024

Novel CB2 receptor agonists demonstrated targeted anti-inflammatory action without psychoactive effects in preclinical neuroinflammation models. CB2 activation reduced microglial activation markers by 67% and pro-inflammatory cytokine release by 54%.

214 citations PreclinicalView on DOI Read Summary
Cohort StudyWell-Studied Cognitive Science Neuroscience

Long-Term Cognitive Effects of Adolescent Cannabis Use: A 10-Year Cohort Study

Meier MH, Caspi A, Ambler A, et al. · Psychological Medicine · Nov 2023

Heavy cannabis use before age 18 was associated with persistent deficits in working memory and processing speed at age 25, independent of IQ and socioeconomic factors. Dose-response relationship observed; light users showed no significant long-term impairment.

198 citations Cohort StudyView on DOI Read Summary
Systematic ReviewWell-Studied Open Access Anxiety PTSD

Cannabidiol as a Potential Treatment for Anxiety Disorders: A Systematic Review

Blessing EM, Steenkamp MM, Manzanares J, Marmar CR · Neurotherapeutics · Mar 2024

A comprehensive meta-analysis of 49 studies found CBD demonstrated significant anxiolytic effects across multiple anxiety disorder subtypes, with a favorable safety profile compared to conventional pharmacotherapy. Effect sizes were moderate to large across GAD, SAD, and PTSD populations.

147 citations Systematic ReviewView on DOI Read Summary
RCTWell-Studied Pain Cancer

THC:CBD Ratio Effects on Chronic Pain Management in Cancer Patients

Johnson JR, Burnell-Nugent M, Lossignol D, et al. · Journal of Pain Research · Jan 2024

Balanced THC:CBD formulations showed superior pain reduction vs. THC-only preparations in a 6-month RCT of 312 patients with cancer-related chronic pain. NRS pain scores decreased by 38% in the balanced group vs. 21% in the THC-only group.

Meta-AnalysisEmerging Cardiovascular

Cannabis and Cardiovascular Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Ravi D, Ghasemiesfe M, Korenstein D, et al. · Annals of Internal Medicine · Jan 2024

Systematic review of 24 studies found cannabis use associated with increased risk of myocardial infarction (OR 1.49), stroke (OR 1.17), and atrial fibrillation (OR 1.35). Risk was highest with smoked cannabis and in users under 45.

76 citations Meta-AnalysisView on DOI Read Summary
Cohort StudyEmerging Open Access Neuroscience Addiction

THC Tolerance and CB1 Receptor Downregulation: A PET Imaging Study

D'Souza DC, Cortes-Briones J, Creatura G, et al. · Nature Neuroscience · Apr 2026

PET imaging revealed 20% CB1 receptor downregulation after 4 weeks of daily THC use, correlating with tolerance development. Receptor density partially recovered after 4 weeks of abstinence but did not fully normalize at 8 weeks.

9 citations Cohort StudyView on DOI Read Summary
RCTEmerging Open Access Pharmacology

CBD Bioavailability: Oral vs. Sublingual Administration Comparison

Millar SA, Stone NL, Yates AS, O'Sullivan SE · Clinical Pharmacokinetics · Feb 2026

Sublingual CBD administration achieved 35% higher peak plasma concentrations compared to oral capsules, with faster time-to-peak (45 min vs. 2.1 hours) in healthy volunteers. Inhalation showed highest bioavailability (31%) but shortest duration.

ReviewEmerging Gastroenterology Addiction

Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome: Pathophysiology and Clinical Management

Richards JR, Gordon BK, Danielson AR, Moulin AK · Gastroenterology · Apr 2026

Comprehensive review of CHS pathophysiology implicates TRPV1 receptor dysregulation and hypothalamic temperature dysregulation. Hot water bathing behavior explained by TRPV1 activation. Capsaicin cream and haloperidol identified as most evidence-supported acute treatments.

7 citations ReviewView on DOI Read Summary
Systematic ReviewLimited Evidence Pharmacology

Terpene Entourage Effects: A Systematic Review of Synergistic Cannabinoid Interactions

Ferber SG, Namdar D, Hen-Shoval D, et al. · Phytomedicine · Mar 2026

Review of 31 studies found mixed evidence for the entourage effect. Myrcene and linalool showed the most consistent synergistic activity with CBD in preclinical models. Clinical evidence remains limited and methodologically heterogeneous.

5 citations Systematic ReviewView on DOI Read Summary
RCTEmerging Open Access Addiction

CBD and Opioid Withdrawal: Mechanisms and Clinical Evidence

Hurd YL, Spriggs S, Alishayev J, et al. · Journal of Addiction Medicine · May 2026

CBD attenuated opioid withdrawal symptoms in a double-blind RCT of 60 patients, reducing anxiety, cravings, and autonomic symptoms over a 7-day protocol. Dose-dependent effects observed at 400mg and 800mg daily doses.

Showing 15 of 14,800+ indexed studies